Abstract:

After the experimental realization of Bose-Einstein Condensation in1995, low-temperature physics has faced a tremendous theoretical and experimental progress. Ultra-cold gases, in free space or loaded in optical lattices, provide a dreamy laboratory to realize many-body systems with an unprecedented precision and controllability. Nowadays they provide an excellent tool to study diverse physical phenomena, from conventional condensed matter physics and quantum optics to atomic physics, quantum information and even lately astrophysics. In this talk, we give an overview on the past achievements and mainly focus on the current interests related to Fermi gases and Bose gases with emphasize on e.g quantum magnetism, unconventional superconductivity and strongly correlated systems. We summarize by addressing also some
of the main theoretical and experimental challenges and open problems which currently are the main interests of the community.